Toy Story has entered into an almost daily rotation around here lately, a schedule that has afforded me ample opportunity to observe its central conflict between Woody, the ironic postmodern cowboy, and Buzz Lightyear, the blazingly pre-ironic astronaut. Woody is genial and sincerely devoted to Andy, his little-boy owner, but there is a certain detachment to his performance: when Andy enters the room, Woody freezes, assuming a convincingly inanimate posture, but he knows, deep down, that he's no cowboy. That's a reality Buzz Lightyear refuses to acknowledge: even when he sees an army of his clones on a television commercial (all labeled with the ominous words, "Not a Flying Toy"), he clings to the belief that he is a space ranger in search of a ship, someone whose life has cosmic meaning.
Equally deluded are the three-eyed aliens at Pizza Planet, trapped inside a coin-op machine and subject to the whims of the giant claw that plucks them unpredictably from their cozy home. "You have been chosen," they chant robotically when Woody tries to tug Buzz away from the claw's reach. "Stop it you zealots!" Woody responds, his words a not-so-subtle reminder of the religious conviction underlying the aliens' superstitious world view.
Woody is an atheist surrounded by believers, toys who lack his experience, his mobility, or simply his interpretive framework. Buzz, like the aliens, is earnestly committed to a belief system that the viewer recognizes as appealing but false. There is no being; there is only performing.
Lionel Shriver addresses similar ideas in We Need to Talk About Kevin. Her narrator, Eva Katchadourian, identifies irony as "an undercurrent of snideness, a distancing in all those fifties diners with chrome stools and oversized root-beer floats." Irony is the art of having it both ways: of pushing away with one hand what we grasp with the other. "We had friends whose apartments were completely tricked out in sardonic kitsch," Eva writes, "- pickaninny dolls, framed advertisements for Kellogg's cornflakes from the twenties ('Look at the bowlfuls go!') - who owned nothing that wasn't a joke."
Irony isn't really something you can choose to cast off. It's more like Lasik eye surgery, purportedly revealing the world as it really is, but leaving you with a bit of a headache and sketchy night vision. Most of us, of course, don't even want to cast it off - we enjoy irony's heady cocktail of self-deprecation and smugness. And the only available alternative right now, in the U.S. especially, is a black-and-white dualism that would be less dangerous if it were more consciously cynical.
At church on Sunday the pastor thanked God for allowing us to "approach the throne of grace." Something about that old-fashioned turn of phrase, uttered in his thick Scottish burr, gave me a sudden glimpse of families huddled at the fire, clutching bowls of gruel in hands hardened by lye soap. For them, the throne of grace was as real and important as the rain on which they depended for food or the moon which provided the only light in their unpolluted sky. Compared to theirs, my faith is weak: it can be assailed by something as trivial as the sudden suspicion that God must be as annoyed as I am by the unfortunate predilection of His people for alliterative catch-phrases. It's not that my eyes have been opened by knowledge: rather, I've been blinded by science, dazzled by the technologies that block out my view of the stars.